ISRP | IJAIDR

Latest Articles | 2026 | Vol 06

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Evaluation of Environmental Microbial Contamination and Effectiveness of Cleaning Protocols in Controlled Manufacturing Environments

by Palani Velan R*, Karuppusamy R, Priyadharshini S, Srividhya K, Ramya S and Prakash Balu3*

Abstract : Environmental microbial monitoring program is an essential protocol to ensuring the safety, and quality of food-grade and cosmetic-grade products derived from plant-based extracts. This study uses air and surface sampling techniques to evaluate the microbial contamination risks in the product contact surface areas. The data collected through settle plates, manual swabs, and ATP tester/Luminometer, highlights the microbial risk assessment and implementation of hygiene protocols in critical areas. This study highlights best practices and improvement measures for contamination control by classifying clean room zones and utilizing quantitative microbial risk assessment models.

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Efficacy of Biogenically Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles by Hyptis suaveolens Leaf Extract against Cowpea Weevil (Callosobruchus maculatus) for Pesticidal Activity

by Ponmani S*, Poornima G and Chindhana DS

Abstract : This study reports the green synthesis and multifunctional evaluation of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using Hyptis suaveolens leaf extract. Fresh leaves were shade-dried, pulverized, and extracted to prepare the bio-reducing precursor, with zinc sulfate used as the metallic source. A color shift from deep green to pale yellow confirmed nanoparticle formation. The synthesized ZnO NPs were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDX, and FTIR, revealing crystalline, spherical particles stabilized by phytochemicals. Antibacterial assays demonstrated strong inhibitory activity against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis, with Gram-positive strains showing higher sensitivity. Pesticidal bioassays against Callosobruchus maculatus showed dose-dependent mortality, reduced adult emergence, seed damage, and weight loss, along with enhanced seed protection. At higher concentrations (750–1050 ppm), ZnO NPs achieved complete adult suppression; however, 1050 ppm slightly reduced seed germination. These findings highlight H. suaveolens-mediated ZnO NPs as eco-friendly, dual-functional agents for sustainable pest and microbial management in agriculture.